Chapter 1: Intersections and Innovations: Change in Canada’s Voluntary and Nonprofit Sector
Susan D. Phillips, Carleton University
Susan Phillips is professor, School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, and director of its Master of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership (MPNL) – Canada’s only graduate program in this field. She serves as editor-in-chief of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, the leading international journal on nonprofits, philanthropy, and civil society, and is an associate of the Centre for the Study of Philanthropy and Public Good, University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Susan’s research focuses on place-based philanthropy and public policy/regulation of charities and nonprofits. She is co-editor of The Routledge Companion to Philanthropy (Routledge, 2016) and is currently co-editing a book on disaster philanthropy and leading a study team exploring the question “What makes some charities more resilient than others?” Her work in advancing research in nonprofit studies has been recognized by a Distinguished Service Award from the Association for Nonprofit and Social Economy Research (ANSER) and in public management from the Canadian Association of Programs in Public Administration (CAPPA).
Bob Wyatt, The Muttart Foundation
Bob Wyatt is executive director of the Muttart Foundation, a private foundation based in Edmonton. He served as co-chair of the Joint Regulatory Table during the Voluntary Sector Initiative and has remained active in exploring ways to improve the regulatory regime for Canadian charities. He is a regular guest lecturer in the Master of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership (MPNL) program at Carleton University, which awarded him an honorary Doctor of Laws degree for his service to the charitable sector. His work on behalf of the sector also led to his receiving the Alberta Centennial Medal and the Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Medal.
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2: State of the Sector and Public Opinion about the Sector
David Lasby and Cathy Barr, Imagine Canada
David Lasby is director of research at Imagine Canada. His research interests include prosocial behaviours (giving, volunteering, and participating), determinants of trust in institutions, trends in the resourcing of charities and nonprofits, and strategies of organizational response to environmental change.
Cathy Barr is vice-president of research and strategic relationships at Imagine Canada. Previously, she was responsible for the creation and development of Imagine Canada’s Standards Program. Her research interests include the history of Canada’s charitable and nonprofit sector; the nature, evolution, and drivers of public opinion about charities and nonprofits; the determinants and measurement of organizational impact and success; and the relationship between the nonprofit sector and government.
Chapter 2 State of the Sector
Chapter 3: Four Keys to Make Sense of Traditions in the Nonprofit Sector in Canada: Historical Contexts
Dominique Marshall, Carleton University
Dominique Marshall is professor of history at Carleton University. She teaches and researches the past of social policy, children’s rights, humanitarian aid, refugees, disability, and technology. She coordinates the Canadian Network on Humanitarian History, which supports the rescue of archives of Canadian development and aid; co-directs the Carleton University Disability Research Group and the International Development Research Centre–funded program Gendered Design in STEAM; and is a co-investigator of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council–funded Local Engagement Refugee Research Network and a member of its Archives, Living Histories and Heritage Working Group. She has written about Canadian social policies and poor families, the Child Welfare Committee of the League of Nations, the Conference on the African Child of 1931, and the history of OXFAM in Canada.
Chapter 3 Four Keys to Make Sense of Traditions
Chapter 4: It Should Have Been So Simple: The Regulation of Charities in Canada
Bob Wyatt, The Muttart Foundation
Bob Wyatt is executive director of the Muttart Foundation, a private foundation based in Edmonton. He served as co-chair of the Joint Regulatory Table during the Voluntary Sector Initiative and has remained active in exploring ways to improve the regulatory regime for Canadian charities. He is a regular guest lecturer in the Master of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership (MPNL) program at Carleton University, which awarded him an honorary Doctor of Laws degree for his service to the charitable sector. His work on behalf of the sector also led to his receiving the Alberta Centennial Medal and the Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Medal.
Chapter 4 Regulation_of_Charities
Chapter 5: The Evolution of the Legal Meaning of Charity in Canada: Trends and Challenges
Kathryn Chan, University of Victoria
Dr. Kathryn Chan is an associate professor at the University of Victoria Faculty of Law, where she teaches and researches in the areas of nonprofit law, public law, and law and religion. She previously practised law at a boutique charity law firm in Vancouver and completed her doctoral research on comparative charity regulation at the University of Oxford as a Trudeau Foundation and SSHRC-funded scholar. Her first book, The Public-Private Nature of Charity Law, was published by Hart Bloomsbury in 2016.
Josh Vander Vies, Versus Law Corporation
Josh Vander Vies is a Vancouver lawyer focused on creating and defending Canadian not-for-profit organizations, charitable status, and charitable gifts. A retired Paralympian, his research and practice at Versus Law Corporation engages how best to protect the integrity of international sport. In Canada, Josh is interested in how factors such as the law, principles of business governance, and practical realities can advance initiatives that are not-for-profit.
Chapter 5 The Evolution of the Legal Meaning of Charity in Canada-Trends and Challenges
Chapter 6: Regulating Business Activity
Susan Manwaring and Katrina Kairys, Miller Thomson LLP
Susan Manwaring is the national lead of Miller Thomson’s Social Impact Group, providing both general counsel and specialized tax advice to social enterprises, charities, and nonprofits across Canada and internationally. She advises foundations in the field of mission investing and social finance and counsels charities and nonprofit organizations on compliance and taxation matters and relevant provincial tax regulations. Susan was a member of the CRA Consultation Panel on the Political Activities of Charities. She is currently a member of the Advisory Committee on the Charitable Sector (ACCS) – a ministerial committee advising the Minister of National Revenue. Susan has been recognized extensively for her expertise and participates widely in sector activities, including many public policy discussions related to the regulation of the charity and nonprofit sectors.
Katrina Kairys practises charities and not-for-profit law as a member of Miller Thomson’s Social Impact Group. Katrina advises charities, not-for-profits, and social enterprises on a variety of matters, including governance, incorporation, charitable registration, tax compliance, and gift agreements. She assists charities with revocation and dissolution, as well as mergers and amalgamations. Katrina employs results-oriented strategies to help clients achieve their missions while navigating the complex regulatory framework.
Chapter 6 Regulating Business Activity
Chapter 7: The Fine Balance of Nonprofit Sector Self-Regulation:
Assessing Canada’s Standards Program
Susan D. Phillips and Christopher Dougherty, Carleton University
Susan Phillips is professor, School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, and director of its Master of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership (MPNL) – Canada’s only graduate program in this field. She serves as editor-in-chief of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, the leading international journal on nonprofits, philanthropy, and civil society, and is an associate of the Centre for the Study of Philanthropy and Public Good, University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Susan’s research focuses on place-based philanthropy and public policy/regulation of charities and nonprofits. She is co-editor of The Routledge Companion to Philanthropy (Routledge, 2016) and is currently co-editing a book on disaster philanthropy and leading a study team exploring the question “What makes some charities more resilient than others?” Her work in advancing research in nonprofit studies has been recognized by a Distinguished Service Award from the Association for Nonprofit and Social Economy Research (ANSER) and in public management from the Canadian Association of Programs in Public Administration (CAPPA).
Christopher Dougherty is a PhD student in public policy at Carleton University, is a graduate of the MPNL program at Carleton, and is certified in Volunteer Administration. He has worked and volunteered in the charitable sector for 14 years, including as a volunteer peer reviewer for the Imagine Canada Standards Program. Current research projects focus on management practices in and between charities, including self-regulation, fundraising, and ties between charities and other sectors.
Cathy Barr, Imagine Canada
Cathy Barr is vice-president of research and strategic relationships at Imagine Canada. Previously, she was responsible for the creation and development of Imagine Canada’s Standards Program. Her research interests include the history of Canada’s charitable and nonprofit sector; the nature, evolution, and drivers of public opinion about charities and nonprofits; the determinants and measurement of organizational impact and success; and the relationship between the nonprofit sector and government.
Chapter 7 Fine Balance of Nonprofit Self-Regulation
Chapter 8: Board Governance in Practice
Owen Charters, BGC Canada
Owen Charters, CEO of BGC Canada, is a nonprofit executive and scholar of two and a half decades. The former chair of Imagine Canada and the Human Resources Council on the Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector, and faculty for the Social Sector Leadership MBA program at York University’s Schulich School of Business, he’s interested in continuing to push for a stronger nonprofit sector voice in Canadian policy, as well as better working conditions for sector employees.
Chapter 8 Board Governance in Practice
The Funding Environment
Chapter 9: Financing Canadian Charities: The Conditional Benefits of Revenue Diversification
Nathan J. Grasse, Carleton University
Nathan J. Grasse focuses on the governance and financial management of public-serving organizations. This includes the study of revenue structures, the potential conditioning effects of organizational and environmental factors, and the implications of strategic choices on financial health and other organizational outcomes.
Marcus Lam, University of San Diego
Marcus Lam is an assistant professor at the University of San Diego, School of Leadership and Education Sciences, Department of Leadership Studies. His research interest focuses on the financial capacity and sustainability of nonprofit organizations and the impact of public policy, geographic location, or the resource and competitive environment, on nonprofit finances.
Chapter 9 Financing Canadian Charities
Chapter 10: Giving and Fundraising Trends
Sharilyn Hale, Watermark Philanthropic Counsel
Dr. Sharilyn Hale helps those who give, give well. As president of Watermark Philanthropic Counsel, she enables philanthropists and their families to unearth and achieve their philanthropic goals and helps social-purpose organizations deepen their performance, drawing on expertise in philanthropic strategy, family engagement, organizational development, and governance. An author and educator with a career spent in the charitable space, Sharilyn’s doctoral research focused on governance and family philanthropy in Canada, and she continues to study the giving of generous people.
Chapter 10 Giving Fundraising Trends
Chapter 11: New Technologies and Fundraising
Marina Glogovac, CanadaHelps
Marina Glogovac is president & CEO of CanadaHelps, a leader in providing powerful fundraising and donation technology to charities and donors since 2000. Marina has been a technology and media executive for more than 25 years, including roles at Kobo, Lavalife Corp., and St. Joseph’s Media.
(Updated July 4, 2021)
Chapter 11 New Technologies and Fundraising
Chapter 12: Philanthropy in Canada: The Role and Impact of Private Foundations
Jean-Marc Fontan, Université du Québec à Montréal
Jean-Marc Fontan, PhD, is professor of sociology at Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM). His fields of specialization are economic sociology, local development, social innovation, partnership research on poverty, social mobilization, and philanthropy.
Hilary Pearson, formerly, Philanthropic Foundations Canada
Hilary Pearson is the former president of Philanthropic Foundations Canada, the national member network for grantmaking foundations in Canada. After stepping down from PFC in 2019, she became co-chair of the federal Advisory Committee on the Charitable Sector and continues to serve on several national nonprofit boards. She is an active observer and commentator on philanthropic trends and foundation practices in Canada and elsewhere, contributing frequently to The Philanthropist, appearing at conferences, and speaking on webinars about philanthropy, public policy, and governance in the nonprofit sector.
Chapter 12 Philanthropy in Canada
Chapter 13: Canada’s United Way Centraide as a Community Impact Funder: A Reinvention or a Failed Endeavour?
Iryna Khovrenkov, University of Regina
Dr. Iryna Khovrenkov is an economist with research interests in philanthropic foundations, charitable giving, and social finance. She serves as the co-lead of the SSHRC-funded Western Hub of the Canadian Philanthropy Partnership Research Network. Iryna is associate professor at the Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy at the University of Regina, teaching core economics courses, and serves as a program lead of the school’s Certificate in Non-Profit Management.
Chapter 13 Canada’s United Way
Chapter 14: Impact Investing in Canada: Notes from the Field
Karim Harji, University of Oxford
Karim Harji is an associate fellow and programme director, Impact Measurement, at the Said Business School, University of Oxford. He was previously co-founder and director at Purpose Capital (now Rally Assets) and senior fellow at the J.W. McConnell Family Foundation. His research focuses on impact investing, impact measurement, and social accounting.
Tessa Hebb, Carleton University
Dr. Tessa Hebb is a distinguished research fellow and past director of the Carleton Centre for Community Innovation at Carleton University. She is also an adjunct professor in the School of Public Policy and Administration and the Sprott School of Business at Carleton. Her research focuses on impact investment, responsible investment, and impact measurement.
Chapter 14 Impact Investing in Canada
The People Environment: Leaders, Employees, and Volunteers
Chapter 15: Leadership in the Charitable Sector: A Canadian Approach?
Paloma Raggo, Carleton University
Paloma Raggo is an assistant professor at the School of Public Policy and Administration at Carleton University. She earned her PhD at the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University studying accountability in international nonprofit organizations. Her current research focuses on leadership and governance in the charitable sector, global philanthropy and international development, and applied research methodologies.
Chapter 15 Leadership in the charitable sector
Chapter 16: Planning for Succession in the Interests of Leadership Diversity: An Avenue for Enhancing Organizational Diversity, Inclusion, and Equity
Christopher Fredette, University of Windsor
Dr. Christopher Fredette is an associate professor of management and strategy at the University of Windsor’s Odette School of Business. Chris is an active researcher in the nonprofit sector, focusing on boards of directors and the role of power, diversity, and inclusion in shaping change in governance and leadership effectiveness.
Chapter 16 Planning for Succession
Chapter 17: Human Resource Management in the Canadian Nonprofit Sector
Kunle Akingbola, Lakehead University
Dr. Kunle Akingbola is an associate professor in the Faculty of Business Administration at Lakehead University and a research associate in the Centre for Learning, Social Economy and Work, University of Toronto. His research focuses on the complex interactions that shape employee behaviour, HRM, and change in nonprofit and healthcare organizations. Kunle has published numerous book chapters and articles in leading international journals. He is the author of Managing Human Resources for Nonprofits (Routledge, 2015) and the lead author, with Sean Rogers and Alina Baluch, of Change Management in Nonprofit Organizations: Theory and Practice (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019).
Lynne Toupin, Interlocus Group
Lynne Toupin is an independent consultant who provides services to charities and nonprofits in the areas of strategic planning, board governance, and organizational restructuring. Having been the founding executive director of the HR Council for the Non-profit Sector, her research interests continue to be primarily focused on HR issues and the need for better labour-market information about this sector.
Chapter 17 HR Management
Chapter 18: Decent Work in the Nonprofit Sector
Pamela Uppal and Monina Febria, Ontario Nonprofit Network
Pamela Uppal is a policy advisor at the Ontario Nonprofit Network, leading its future-of-work file with a nonprofit and gender lens. Monina Febria holds a master of arts in globalization and international development from the University of Ottawa and an honours bachelor of arts in international studies from the University of Toronto.
Monina has more than 15 years’ experience within the social-justice, immigrant, and refugee-inclusion space at the local and international level, including at World Education Services, the Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants, the Ontario Nonprofit Network, AMNLAE Casa de La Mujer, and the Toronto Region Immigrant Employment Council. Monina was project lead on the decent work portfolio at ONN and facilitated the establishment of the sector-wide pension plan for nonprofits in Ontario.
Chapter 18 Decent Work in the Nonprofit Sector
Chapter 19: Working Conditions in the Nonprofit Sector and Paths to Improvement
Luc Thériault, University of New Brunswick
Luc Thériault holds a PhD from the University of Toronto. He is professor of sociology and chair of the Department of Economics at the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton). His main interests are studying nonprofit and charitable organizations (as well as co-operatives) in order to understand the challenges they face and the contributions they make to our collective lives. He also has a research interest in public and social policies, in particular as they relate to topics such as social assistance, housing, and immigration.
Yves Vaillancourt, Université du Québec à Montréal
Yves Vaillancourt is professor emeritus at the School of Social Work at L’Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM). He is a member of LAREPPS of CRISES (Centre de recherche sur les innovations sociales). He is a board member of the Groupe d’économie solidaire du Québec (GESQ). Recent publications include Une coopération innovante Québec-Haïti en agroalimentaire: L’économie sociale et solidaire en mouvement, Québec, PUQ (with Christian Jetté); “De la co-construction des connaissances et des politiques publiques” (in Sociologies); and “Décentralisation et recentralisation des politiques de soutien à domicile auprès des personnes aînées en situation de handicap – Regard croisé en France et au Québec” (with Maryse Bresson), in Les territoires de l’intervention à domicile, edited by Christian Jetté and Catherine Lenzi.
Chapter 19 Working Conditions in the Nonprofit Sector and Paths to Improvement
Chapter 20: Volunteering: Global Trends in a Canadian Context
Allison Russell, University of Pennsylvania
Allison R. Russell is a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Social Impact Strategy at the University of Pennsylvania. Allison’s research and teaching centre on the nonprofit and voluntary sector, including volunteerism, nonprofit HRM, ethics and equity in organizational decision-making, and the role of nonprofits in social welfare in the US and around the world. She holds a PhD in social welfare from the University of Pennsylvania School of Social Policy and Practice.
Paula Speevak, Volunteer Canada
Paula Speevak serves as president and CEO of Volunteer Canada and is an adjunct professor at Carleton University in the School of Public Policy and Administration. Powered by passion and facilitated by local volunteer centres, she sees the evolving nature of volunteering as a vehicle for inclusion, social justice, skills development, and community resiliency.
Femida Handy, University of Pennsylvania
Dr. Femida Handy is a professor at the School of Social Policy and Practice at the University of Pennsylvania, where she serves as director of the PhD program. She has previously served as the editor-in-chief for Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. Femida is widely published and has received multiple awards for her research, which is crosscultural and interdisciplinary. Her research interests include a wide range of topics focusing on the nonprofit sector, such as philanthropy, volunteering, managing nonprofits, and environmental issues.
Chapter 20 Volunteering
Chapter 21: Social Innovation and the Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector in Canada
Micheal L. Shier, University of Toronto
Micheal L Shier is associate professor at the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto. His research focuses on social innovation and social entrepreneurship, social welfare development, and organizational management and leadership. His research aids in optimizing social service delivery and social outcomes, supports local social welfare and community economic development, and supports the capacity of nonprofit leadership for social change.
Chapter 21 Social Innovation
Chapter 22: Community Foundations in Canada: Survive, or Thrive? (with apologies to lawn bowlers)
Kevin McCort, Vancouver Foundation
Kevin McCort is president and CEO of Vancouver Foundation, a role he has held since 2013. Prior to joining Vancouver Foundation, Kevin worked with some of Canada’s leading humanitarian aid organizations, including six years as president and CEO of CARE Canada. As the scale of Vancouver Foundation has grown, Kevin has also worked to expand its impact, pioneering new initiatives and innovations that create meaningful change at a community level. Kevin has led his team in a transformation of Vancouver Foundation’s approach to community granting, focusing on supporting systems-change work that addresses root causes of pressing social, cultural, and environmental issues. Kevin serves on the board of Community Foundations of Canada and is a member of the Advisory Committee on the Charitable Sector, advising the Minister of National Revenue.
Susan D. Phillips, Carleton University
Susan Phillips is professor, School of Public Policy and Administration, Carleton University, and director of its Master of Philanthropy and Nonprofit Leadership (MPNL) – Canada’s only graduate program in this field. She serves as editor-in-chief of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, the leading international journal on nonprofits, philanthropy, and civil society, and is an associate of the Centre for the Study of Philanthropy and Public Good, University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Susan’s research focuses on place-based philanthropy and public policy/regulation of charities and nonprofits. She is co-editor of The Routledge Companion to Philanthropy (Routledge, 2016) and is currently co-editing a book on disaster philanthropy and leading a study team exploring the question “What makes some charities more resilient than others?” Her work in advancing research in nonprofit studies has been recognized by a Distinguished Service Award from the Association for Nonprofit and Social Economy Research (ANSER) and in public management from the Canadian Association of Programs in Public Administration (CAPPA).
Chapter 22 Survive or Thrive
Chapter 23: Community Wealth Building: A Canadian Philanthropist’s Perspective
Colette Murphy, Atkinson Foundation
Colette Murphy is the CEO of the Atkinson Foundation. Colette and her team focus on strengthening movements for racial justice, decent work, and a fair economy. For more than 20 years she has been a leading voice for social and economic justice in Canada’s philanthropic sector. Alongside grassroots organizers and policy innovators, Colette advocates for structural and systemic changes that centre equity and build social solidarity. Since joining Atkinson in 2014, she’s been out front with several groundbreaking initiatives related to the future of workers, community wealth building and philanthro-journalism.
Chapter 23 Community Wealth Building
Chapter 24: Collaboration: When to Do It and How to Do It Right
Carey Doberstein, University of British Columbia, Okanagan
Carey Doberstein is assistant professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. He is an associate editor of Canadian Public Administration. His latest book is Distributed Democracy: Health Care Governance in Ontario, published by University of Toronto Press.
Chapter 24 Collaboration Networks
Chapter 25: Indigenous Peoples, Communities, and the Canadian Charitable Sector
Shereen Munshi and Elisa Levi, The Circle on Philanthropy and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
Shereen Munshi is a communications professional who was born in Zambia and immigrated to Canada with her family more than 10 years ago. As a proud University of Ottawa alumnus, she has since gone on to amass experience working in the Canadian nonprofit and philanthropic sectors. In her current role as manager of partnerships and strategic communications at The Circle on Philanthropy and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada, Shereen develops strategic relationships between The Circle and peer organizations that are in alignment with The Circle’s values, mission, and strategic goals. In addition, Shereen works to increase visibility, amplify issues and voices of note, and ensure strong, responsive communication to achieve goals in service to The Circle’s primary member audiences. She has a compulsion to uphold principles of equity and justice in her work and is nurturing a growing aptitude to amplify deep analysis of people, place, policy, and power to inform the philanthropic and nonprofit sectors. Shereen sits on the Data Policy Coalition Steering Committee, is a proud member of the Next Generation Philanthropy Collaborative, and serves on the Ontario Indigenous Youth Partnership Project core team.
After several years in the nonprofit sector strengthening Indigenous Peoples’ health and the reclamation of Indigenous food systems, Elisa Levi is complementing this experience studying medicine at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, with graduation in 2021. She contributes her leadership as a community-elected trustee for her First Nation, Chippewas of Nawash; as a board director for the Anishnawbe Health Foundation; and as advisor to the newly established Indigenous Resilience Fund. As a registered dietitian, she holds a master of public health from Lakehead University and BASc from Ryerson University.
Chapter 25 Indigenous Peoples Communities
Chapter 26: The Business–Community Interface: From “Giving Back” to “Sharing Value”
James Stauch, Cathy Glover, and Kelli Stevens, Mount Royal University
James Stauch is the director of the Institute for Community Prosperity at Mount Royal University, where he has developed or co-created social-innovation, leadership, and systems-focused learning programs for both undergraduates and the broader community. He previously served as a foundation executive and philanthropy and social-change consultant, and currently serves on two entities that combine business and community investment: as a director on the board of Alberta Ecotrust and as part of the leadership faculty within the Conference Board of Canada’s Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability Institute. His other recent contributions to community-partnered knowledge production include One Big Experiment: Chronicling a Nonprofit Merger in Action, with Trellis; The Problem Solver’s Companion: A Practitioners’ Guide to Starting a Social Enterprise, co-produced with Shaun Loney and Encompass Co-op; In Search of the Altruithm: AI and the Future of Social Good, co-authored with Alina Turner of HelpSeeker; and A Student Guide to Mapping a System, co-produced with Daniela Papi-Thornton and the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at the University of Oxford.
After 20 years in volunteer management, fundraising, and leadership roles in local and regional charities, Cathy Glover became the director of the Suncor Energy Foundation in 2001, managing one of Canada’s largest foundations by disbursement. Upon retiring from Suncor in 2017, Cathy was gifted the Blackfoot name Aahpii Pitahgii, or White Eagle Woman, recognizing her leadership and support of Indigenous youth. She also joined Mount Royal University in the role of Changemaker in Residence with the Institute for Community Prosperity. Cathy has a BSc in psychology and MBA from the University of Calgary and an MFA in creative nonfiction from the University of King’s College in Halifax. She is currently working on a manuscript about the changing role of corporate philanthropy and her personal reconciliation journey.
Kelli Stevens first came to know her co-author Cathy Glover at Suncor Energy, where Kelli worked in corporate communications; she and Cathy worked together on files related to corporate social responsibility. Kelli eventually left Suncor to pursue a master of social work focused on community development and to manage a multi-stakeholder youth gang-prevention project. She reconnected with Cathy and co-author James Stauch while they all worked with the Institute for Community Prosperity and the Trico Changemakers Studio at Mount Royal University. Kelli has also seen the community sector from the vantage point of a volunteer, holding several positions in both “frontline” and governance-related roles.
Chapter 26 Community Investment
Intersections with Governments: Services and Policy Engagement
Chapter 27: Transforming Health and Social Services Delivery Systems in Canada: Implications for Government–Nonprofit Relations
Rachel Laforest, Queen’s University
Rachel Laforest (PhD, Carleton) is an associate professor in the Department of Political Studies at Queen’s University. Her research focuses on governance dynamics, with a particular interest in how civil society groups mobilize to influence social policy dynamics. She is the author of Voluntary Sector Organizations and the State: Building New Relations, from UBC Press, which won the ANSER-ARES best book award in 2014.
Chapter 27 Transforming Health and Social Services
Chapter 28: Contentious Collaboration: Third Sector Service Delivery in Quebec
Deena White, Université de Montréal
Deena White is a full professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Montreal. She specializes in political sociology, and more specifically, social policy implementation, as seen through the challenges of civil society groups involved in implementation. She has critically studied new forms of governance such as service partnerships and networks, their impact on the organization and activities of civil societies, and the ways in which civil society groups organize themselves to maintain their autonomy and critical distance, even while harnessed to government programs.
Chapter 28 Contentious Collaboration
Chapter 29: Policy Capacity: Building the Bricks and Mortar for Voluntary Sector Involvement in the Public Policy Process
Karine Levasseur, University of Manitoba
Karine Levasseur is associate professor in the Department of Political Studies at the University of Manitoba. Her research interests include state–civil society relations, accountability, and social policy.
Chapter 29 Policy Capacity
Chapter 30: Evolving Relationships with Government: Building Policy Capacity
Sandy Houston, Metcalf Foundation
Sandy Houston is the long-standing president and CEO of the Metcalf Foundation. Much of his current work is focused on creating opportunities for innovation and collaboration and in advancing new thinking and policy approaches within civil society. Prior to joining Metcalf, Sandy practised civil litigation at Oslers and was a founding partner of Canada’s first law firm to focus predominantly on alternative dispute resolution.
Chapter 30 Evolving Relationships w Govt
Chapter 31: Reflections on Teaching Public Policy Advocacy Skills
Allan Northcott, Max Bell Foundation
Allan Northcott is president of Max Bell Foundation, a private grantmaking foundation based in Calgary. Its mission is to support projects across Canada that bring the expertise and experience of civil society organizations to bear on the development of public policy. Its program areas are health, education, and environment, and its policy-oriented mission means the Foundation also attends closely to the regulation of charities in Canada.
Chapter 31 Reflections Teaching Public Policy
Chapter 32: A Lever for Change: How Foundations Can Support Public Policy Advocacy
Marcel Lauzière, The Lawson Foundation
Marcel Lauzière is the CEO of The Lawson Foundation and board chair of YMCA Canada. He has led a number of national charities, including Imagine Canada, and has been a senior public servant in Canada and abroad. He believes deeply in the power of charities and nonprofits to influence public policy for transformational change, and in the ability of foundations to support this work across the country.
Chapter 32 A Lever for Change
Measuring Impact and Communicating Success
Chapter 33: Social and Environmental Impact Measurement
Kate Ruff, Carleton University
Kate Ruff is an assistant professor at the Sprott School of Business and the co-director of the Carleton Centre for Community Innovation. Kate researches how organizations measure and report their social results. She is currently leading a project called the Common Approach to Impact Measurement.
Chapter 33 Social and Environmental Impact
Chapter 34: Big Data Won’t Save Us: Fixing the Impact Evaluation Crisis
Michael Lenczner and Jesse Bourns, Ajah and Powered by Data
Michael Lenczner works in the areas of nonprofit information management and open government. He is a frequent collaborator on academic-community partnerships, and he serves on several nonprofit boards and advisory groups related to technology, democracy, and civil society. He is the CEO of Ajah; director of Powered by Data, a nonprofit initiative on the MakeWay shared platform; and a fellow at the School of Public Policy and Administration of Carleton University.
Jesse Bourns is a senior technologist working on challenges faced by the nonprofit sector. Besides running Ajah, a data and technology consultancy, he is a co-founder and director of Powered by Data, a nonprofit initiative on the MakeWay platform whose mission is to increase access to information and data. Jesse’s background is in technology, start-ups, and the social sector. He specializes in the design of complex, long-term systems and the design of effective governance for those systems.
Tracey Lauriault, Carleton University
Tracey Lauriault is an associate professor at Carleton University’s School of Journalism and Communication. She is one of the founders of critical data studies and of open data in Canada. She has expertise in data infrastructures, spatial media, and smart cities and is especially interested in the assemblage of social and technological processes such as artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML), standards, and technologies such as platforms and the internet of things (IoT) that intermediate data and large social and technological systems and infrastructures and how these structure, automate, and govern so much of daily life. She is particularly fascinated by and applies systems thinking to map out the processes by which deep technological infrastructures and vast machines operate. Her scholarship is critical and engaged, and as a data and technological citizen, she works with the makers, governors, and stakeholders of these data, processes, and infrastructures, not only to better understand them but also to ensure that these do not cause harm, and more so that they are governed in an ethical, accountable, and transparent way so as to balance economic development, social progress, and environmental responsibility.
Chapter 34 Big Data Won’t Save Us
Chapter 35: Social Media and Charities in Canada
Margaret Herriman, Max Bell Foundation
Before joining Max Bell Foundation in 2016, Margaret Herriman worked in communications, fund development, and program delivery at several Calgary nonprofits, including YMCA Calgary, the University of Calgary, and Glenbow Ranch Park Foundation. She earned a Bachelor of Journalism from the University of King’s College and a Master of Arts in history from the University of Calgary.
Chapter 35 Social Media and Charities
Chapter 36: The Overhead Myth: The Limitation of Using Overheads as a Measure of Charity Performance
Caroline Riseboro, Trillium Health Partners Foundation
Caroline Riseboro is an award-winning nonprofit executive who currently serves as president & CEO at the Foundation of Trillium Health Partners – one of Canada’s leading hospitals. During her 20-year career, she has led some of the country’s top charitable organizations, including as president & CEO of Plan International Canada, where she transformed the organization from the seventh- to second-largest charity in the country. Caroline’s accomplishments have been widely recognized: in 2019, she was named Canada’s Most Admired CEO, and in 2017 and 2018, she was recognized as one of Canada’s Top 100 Most Powerful Women. Caroline’s policy interests include strengthening the ability of charitable organizations to deliver increased impact for Canadian society.
Chapter 36 The Overhead Myth
Editors:
Susan Phillips, Carleton University
Bob Wyatt, The Muttart Foundation
Contributors:
Kunle Akingbola, Lakehead University
Cathy Barr, Imagine Canada
Jesse Bourns, Powered by Data
Kathryn Chan, University of Victoria
Owen Charters, BGC Canada
Carey Doberstein, University of British Columbia, Okanagan
Christopher Dougherty, Carleton University
Monina Febria, Ontario Nonprofit Network
Jean-Marc Fontan, Université du Québec à Montréal
Christopher Fredette, University of Windsor
Marina Glogovac, CanadaHelps
Cathy Glover, Mount Royal University
Nathan Grasse, Carleton University
Sharilyn Hale, Watermark Philanthropic Counsel
Femida Handy, University of Pennsylvania
Karim Harji, University of Oxford
Tessa Hebb, Carleton University
Margaret Herriman, Max Bell Foundation
Sandy Houston, Metcalf Foundation
Katrina Kairys, Miller Thomson LLP
Iryna Khovrenkov, University of Regina
Rachel Laforest, Queen’s University
Marcus Lam, University of San Diego
David Lasby, Imagine Canada
Tracey Lauriault, Powered by Data
Marcel Lauzière, The Lawson Foundation
Michael Lenczner, Powered by Data
Karine Levasseur, University of Manitoba
Elisa Levi, The Circle on Philanthropy and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
Kevin McCort, Vancouver Foundation
Susan Manwaring, Miller Thomson LLP
Dominique Marshall, Carleton University
Shereen Munshi, The Circle on Philanthropy and Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
Colette Murphy, Atkinson Foundation
Allan Northcott, Max Bell Foundation
Hilary Pearson, formerly, Philanthropic Foundations of Canada
Susan Phillips, Carleton University
Paloma Raggo, Carleton University
Caroline Riseboro, Trillium Health Partners Foundation
Kate Ruff, Carleton University
Allison Russell, University of Pennsylvania
Micheal L. Shier, University of Toronto
Paula Speevak, Volunteer Canada
James Stauch, Mount Royal University
Kelli Stevens, Mount Royal University
Luc Thériault, University of New Brunswick
Lynne Toupin, Interlocus Group
Pamela Uppal, Ontario Nonprofit Network
Yves Vaillancourt, Université du Québec à Montréal
Josh Vander Vies, Versus Law Corporation
Deena White, University of Montreal
Bob Wyatt, The Muttart Foundation
